{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "id": "situational-digital-disconnection-procrastination-boundary-2026",
  "canonical_url": "https://brali-lifeos.github.io/evidence/situational-digital-disconnection-procrastination-boundary-2026/",
  "json_url": "https://brali-lifeos.github.io/evidence/situational-digital-disconnection-procrastination-boundary-2026/index.json",
  "decision": "support-existing",
  "decision_label": "Supports existing guidance",
  "reviewed_at": "2026-08-27",
  "reviewed_by": "Brali Evidence Reviewer",
  "source": {
    "title": "Digital disconnection as a self-regulatory strategy against procrastination",
    "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-46218-1",
    "type": "primary-study",
    "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-46218-1",
    "citation_text": "Klingelhoefer J, Gilbert A, Meier A. Scientific Reports. 2026;16:17133.",
    "study_design": "Preregistered two-week naturalistic experience-sampling study with up to five surveys per day. Multilevel models separated within-person from between-person associations, with exploratory lagged and disconnection-level analyses.",
    "population": "237 young adults aged 18 to 35 recruited from a German online panel and two university mailing lists; all used Android smartphones. The dataset contained 12,408 valid situational observations.",
    "intervention_or_exposure": "Self-initiated, temporary digital-disconnection behaviors in everyday life, spanning device, application, feature, interaction and message levels. The study observed behavior rather than assigning an intervention.",
    "outcomes": [
      "Momentary self-reported procrastination",
      "Goal conflict",
      "Digital-disconnection behavior",
      "Exploratory lagged procrastination"
    ]
  },
  "supported_claim": "Situational digital disconnection is a plausible low-friction self-regulation tactic to include in Brali's phone-offline protocol design. Within individuals, moments with more deliberate disconnection were associated with slightly less procrastination, and channel-focused strategies at the device, app or feature level showed the most promising pattern. This source adds ecological support for targeting access to a temptation before it is opened, but it does not establish a causal effect.",
  "unsupported_or_overstated_claims": [
    "Digital disconnection has been proven to reduce procrastination causally.",
    "Putting the phone away will improve productivity or task performance for every user.",
    "Device-level disconnection is always superior to app- or feature-level controls.",
    "A specific duration, frequency or disconnection tool is optimal.",
    "Digital media breaks are inherently procrastination or should always be suppressed.",
    "The findings generalize unchanged beyond young adult Android users."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "The design was observational, so reverse causality and time-varying situational confounding remain possible.",
    "Digital disconnection and procrastination were both self-reported.",
    "Surveys asked participants to recall the previous two hours, creating possible recall delay and measurement error.",
    "The sample was limited to young adults and Android users recruited largely through German university-related channels.",
    "The lagged analyses and comparisons among disconnection levels were exploratory.",
    "The study did not measure downstream work performance, academic achievement or objective task completion."
  ],
  "target_hack_ids": [
    "phone-offline-window"
  ],
  "target_protocol_ids": [
    "brali:phone-offline-window"
  ],
  "risk_flags": [
    "mental-health"
  ],
  "notes": "Evidence role: support the protocol's situational and preventive design, not its causal effectiveness. Prefer removing access at the channel level (phone, app or feature) before a known temptation appears, and let the user choose the narrowest intervention that protects the intended task without unnecessarily blocking useful communication."
}