{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "id": "movement-breaks-cardiometabolic-vanherle-2026",
  "canonical_url": "https://brali-lifeos.github.io/evidence/movement-breaks-cardiometabolic-vanherle-2026/",
  "json_url": "https://brali-lifeos.github.io/evidence/movement-breaks-cardiometabolic-vanherle-2026/index.json",
  "decision": "support-existing",
  "decision_label": "Supports existing guidance",
  "reviewed_at": "2026-09-08",
  "reviewed_by": "Brali Evidence Reviewer",
  "source": {
    "title": "Optimizing physical activity bouts to interrupt sedentary behaviour for cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials",
    "url": "https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwag079/8571395",
    "type": "meta-analysis",
    "doi": "10.1093/eurjpc/zwag079",
    "citation_text": "Vanherle J, Franssen GHLM, Ivanova A, Eijnde BO, Franssen WMA. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. Published online 1 April 2026. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwag079.",
    "study_design": "Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials comparing acute laboratory-based aerobic physical-activity interruptions with sedentary control conditions; risk of bias assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and certainty with GRADE.",
    "population": "Adults aged 18-65 years, including healthy participants and people with cardiometabolic conditions, across 144 studies, 247 intervention arms, and 2,216 participants.",
    "intervention_or_exposure": "Physical-activity bouts interrupting prolonged sedentary behaviour, varying in frequency, duration, and intensity, compared with uninterrupted sedentary control; standing-only conditions were examined separately.",
    "outcomes": [
      "Acute glucose concentrations",
      "Acute insulin concentrations",
      "Blood pressure",
      "Triglycerides",
      "Endothelial function"
    ]
  },
  "supported_claim": "In acute controlled settings, interrupting prolonged sitting with actual physical activity can improve glucose and insulin responses on average. More frequent light-to-moderate activity appears useful for acute glucose control, while standing alone did not show the same cardiometabolic signal. For Brali this supports replacing an avoidable sitting block with safe movement, including walking when a meeting can travel, without prescribing one universal interval.",
  "unsupported_or_overstated_claims": [
    "A walking meeting has a special metabolic, productivity, creativity, or cognitive effect beyond the movement it contains.",
    "Everyone should stand or walk every 20 or 30 minutes.",
    "Standing still is metabolically equivalent to a walking or physical-activity break.",
    "Acute laboratory improvements prove long-term prevention or treatment of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or other conditions.",
    "A walking meeting should target a fixed step count, heart-rate increase, duration, or physiological dose.",
    "The review supports inherited claims about wind noise, phone battery drain, meeting quality, mental clarity, or screen fatigue."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "The evidence is dominated by acute controlled experimental settings and cannot establish long-term clinical benefit or sustainable free-living adherence.",
    "Participant characteristics, meals, timing, activity protocols, and outcome measurement varied substantially across studies.",
    "Many individual studies had small samples; only a minority of intervention comparisons were rated low overall risk of bias, with most having some concerns.",
    "The review focused on adults aged 18-65 years, so the findings should not be generalized automatically to children or older adults.",
    "The evidence concerns physical-activity interruptions, not walking meetings as a distinct behavioral or workplace intervention."
  ],
  "target_hack_ids": [
    "walking-meeting-assistant"
  ],
  "target_protocol_ids": [
    "brali:walking-meeting-assistant"
  ],
  "risk_flags": [
    "health"
  ],
  "notes": "Editorial action: replace the inherited walking-meeting page with a mechanism-first implementation protocol. The meeting is only a delivery surface for exchanging some sitting for movement. Remove unsupported numerical targets and health/productivity halo claims; teach users to observe whether sitting was actually replaced, the conversation still worked, and the route remained safe and practical. The Gale 2026 meta-analysis is already represented by Evidence Decision activity-breaks-postprandial-metabolism-boundary-2026 and is reused as converging evidence rather than duplicated."
}